19/11/ · Human development, especially, has been one of the interesting fields of study for many psychologists. Freud, Erikson, and Piaget are all great theorists with similar, but different, ideas of human development. Their theories on human development had human beings passing through different stages as aging Here the central purpose of development is to improve human lives, i.e., expanding the range of things that human beings can achieve and can do. To him, the objective of development is to remove obstacles such as illiteracy, ill-health, poverty, lack of access to resources or lack of civil and political blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance
Essay about Human Growth and Development - Words | Bartleby
This article provides information about the human and growth approach to development:. In principle, these choices can be infinite and change over time. But at all levels of development, the three essential ones are there for people a to lead a long and healthy life, b to acquire knowledge and c to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living. Image Courtesy : assignmentpoint. If these essential choices are not available many other opportunities remain inaccessible.
Human development, however, does not end there. Additional choices, ranging from political, economic and social freedom to opportunities for being creative and productive and enjoying personal self-respect and guaranteed human rights are also inseparable parts o human rights.
UNDP depicts two sides of human development: a the formation of human capabilities — such as improved health, knowledge and access to resources; and b the people making use of these capabilities for productive purposes — being active in cultural, social and political affairs. If the scales of human development do not finely balance the two sides; considerable human frustration may result.
But it is not the sum total of their lives. Development must, therefore, be more than just the expansion of income and wealth. Its focus must be people. The Human Development Approach to development is different from the conventional approaches development, i. Economic growth, that is, the increase in production GDP is necessary but not sufficient for human development.
The theories of human capital formation and human resources development consider the human being as a means and not as an end, essay on human development. They are concerned with the supply side. The human welfare approach visualises people only as passive recipients of benefits of development and not as its participants.
The basic needs approach aims to satisfy the basic minimum needs, i. The human development approach puts equal emphasis on the production and distribution of resources, essay on human development, expansion and use of human capabilities, scope of choice, livelihood security, participatory process, and social, essay on human development, economic and political freedom.
All these indeed emphases a paradigm shift in the social development strategy of the State. The world has become more polarised and the wide gap between the poor and the rich has widened further. The gap in per capita income between the essay on human development and developing world trebled. There have been regional imbalances. The UNDP has voiced its concern against the jobless, ruthless, voiceless, rootless and fortuneless growth in the late s.
It was jobless growth, since the economy grew but did not expand the opportunities for employment for large sections of the population. For the developing countries, jobless growth has meant long hours and very low incomes for hundreds of millions of people in low productivity work in agriculture and in other informal sectors. This developmental process has been rendered ruthless by the fact that the fruits of economic growth essay on human development mostly benefited the essay on human development while millions of people stagnate in poverty.
At places the dominant majority culture amplifies at the cost of marginalisation of the minority cultures. It has also been a voiceless growth as in many places it has not ensured the process of democratic participation of the people in decision-making processes.
The voiceless growth process also provides women a marginal role in economic development. Again, fast economic growth is also achieved in some countries at the cost of destruction of forests, polluting rivers, destroying bio-diversity and depleting natural resources.
In this futureless growth, the present generation squanders resources needed by the future generation. At times the futureless growth benefits the industrialised countries essay on human development the cost of increased pressure on the poor people of the developing countries. It is important to examine how development is being viewed as freedom by Amartya Sen. According to him; development must be perceived as a vital process of expanding real freedom that people enjoy. As per him, expansion of real income and economic growth are not necessarily characteristics of successful development as countries with high GDP and per capita income at times have low achievements in the quality of life.
On the other hand, countries with low GDP and low per capita incomes have higher human development indicators. Here the central purpose of development is to improve human lives, i. To him, the objective of development is to remove obstacles such as illiteracy, ill-health, poverty, lack of access to resources or lack of essay on human development and political freedom, essay on human development.
He does not deny that economic prosperity should be the major goal of planning and policy making. This is, however, essay on human development, only an intermediate goal to contribute to the ultimate goal of development, i. To Sen, both the primary end and the principal means of development is expansion of freedom as freedom in one type helps advancing freedom of other essay on human development. While access to economic opportunities is a major factor of economic growth, he also recognizes the contribution of instrumental freedom political freedom, economic facilities, social opportunities, transparency guarantees and protective security in enhancing economic growth and the contribution of economic growth to facilitate those freedoms that come into the way of full attainment of human potentials, essay on human development.
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Capitalist Model of Development of Society based on the Interpretation of Karl Marx. Upload Your Knowledge on Sociology:. Upload Now.
Comparing and Contrasting Human Development Theories - Free Essay Sample
, time: 15:43The theories on human development: [Essay Example], words GradesFixer
Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance Human development is a process we all have to go through in life. Not everyone go through the process of development the same. This class has taught me a lot of information about how we develop in the eight periods of human development. I also learned that my dimples are part of my phenotype and that it has a strong genetic base (p 54) Here the central purpose of development is to improve human lives, i.e., expanding the range of things that human beings can achieve and can do. To him, the objective of development is to remove obstacles such as illiteracy, ill-health, poverty, lack of access to resources or lack of civil and political blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins
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